Universal precautions in infection control should be applied when?

Universal precautions in infection control refer to the practice of treating all blood and certain body fluids as if they are potentially infectious, regardless of the perceived health status of the individual. This approach is essential because it provides a consistent and effective method for protecting healthcare workers and others from exposure to harmful pathogens that can be transmitted through these fluids.

By applying universal precautions in all scenarios—whether the individual appears healthy or shows symptoms of illness—workers minimize the risk of infection from sources that may not be visibly contaminated. This means using barriers such as gloves and masks when handling blood, saliva, or other bodily fluids, thereby creating a safe environment for both the caregiver and the patient, even when no obvious signs of disease are present.

In contrast, the other options suggest limitations or conditions under which precautions should be implemented, which can lead to increased risk of exposure to infections. Since infectious diseases can be asymptomatic, reliance on visual cues for infection control could potentially endanger everyone involved. Thus, the correct approach is to consistently apply universal precautions in all situations involving blood and body fluids.